Samhain

Blackcurrant bud absolute is one of the few natural fruity materials in perfumery. Harvested from new leaf buds from the blackcurrant bush, ours is grown in the historic heartland of cassis perfumery in Burgundy. New leaf buds are picked in the coldest months of winter when the plant’s aromatic compounds are most concentrated.

Our neroli oil is extracted from the blossom of bitter Seville Orange trees on Cape Bon in northern Tunisia. The blossoms are hand-picked in the spring at daybreak, once dew has formed. The flowers are immediately pressed and distilled.

The frilled, lacy umbels of wild carrot create that pale, high summer froth along hedgerows, in meadows and coastal dunes - and though their roots are edible, they are not as palatable as the plant's familiar cultivar. A sweet, earthy, woody oil can be extracted from the plant's seeds.

Our tonka beans are collected by hand in South America, when the fruits of the Dipteryx odorata tree fall during the dry season. The seeds are dried, soaked in rum, then ground and transformed into an oil through solvent extraction.

Made from the dried, powdered and distilled roots of bearded iris, orris is one of perfume’s rarest ingredients. After three to four years of flowering, the iris roots are dug by hand and matured for several years. These are powdered, mixed with water and steam distilled to produce a semi-solid oil.

Timut pepper is a berry, plucked from the steep mountains of the Mahabharats in southern Nepal. It is made up of a hard, bitter black seed encased in a pericarp casing like the zest of a tangerine. Ffern timut pepper is extracted using the CO2 process.

We press our sweet orange oil from the rind of cold-pressed Hamlin oranges grown in the mineral-rich state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. Hamlin orange trees are among the most tolerant of cold and their fruit comes early, the season beginning in October.

Davana belongs to the silver-leafed _Artemisia_ family, and many tiny yellow flowers grow against its soft greenery. Native to India, the dried herb has a sweet, dried-fruit aroma that is reminiscent of tea.

Our nutmeg grows on the Banda islands of eastern Indonesia. The fruit is harvested with handheld telescopic pickers and left to dry in the shade - the seed oil is then steam distilled at source.

Ffern mandarins are harvested in the months before ripening. Whilst still green, they are cold pressed on site to preserve their delicate top notes. The scent is notably sharper and more floral than their ripe counterparts.

The La Faces are a third-generation citrus farming family, growing our lemons on the northeastern tip of Sicily - just across the 3km straight of Messina and in sight of our bergamot on the Calabrian shores. The fruit is picked by hand, and the rinds cold pressed on site.

Our galbanum essential oil is made from steam distillation.

Grown on Calabrian hills overlooking the Ionian Sea, the fruit is harvested by hand and the oil extracted at source. The La Face family planted their first bergamot in the 1930s and have been mastering the craft of producing citrus oils ever since.

Our violets are grown in the nutrient-rich soils of the Nile Valley, Egypt, where from December to May, local harvesters gather the leaves by hand, starting at dawn. The leaves are transformed through solvent extraction, yielding a rich, dark green liquid known as violet leaf absolute.

Ffern petitgrain is harvested in Paraguay from a hybrid tree - a cross between a sweet *Citrus x sinensis* and a bitter *Citrus x aurantium*. Grown by a network of family farmers, the tree’s leaves and branches are cut and immediately distilled in hand built, clay sealed wooden distilleries.

Originally developed in eighteenth-century Holland, Ffern’s Rose de Mai is grown in Morocco. Traditionally picked only in the month of May, our rose petals undergo solvent extraction immediately, to produce a dark, fragrant wax that can be processed into an absolute or oil.

Our Egyptian basil grand vert is renowned for its high linalool composition and its distinctive aniseed notes. The leaves are cut and immediately distilled - if they are allowed to dry, the scent is largely lost.

Jasmine grandiflorum is one of the most sought after ingredients in perfumery. To make a kilogram of the absolute takes eight million flowers - these delicate, night-flowering blooms are hand-picked at dawn between June and September in the Indian Himalayas, where the flowers are sacred.

Our rock rose grows wild on the plains of Almaden de la Plata outside Seville, Spain. In late summer, the leafy stems of the plant are sickle harvested and plunged into hot carbonated water. This mixture is distilled to obtain a honeyed, amber resin - labdanum.

Our red cedar wood (also known as red juniper) is grown and harvested in its native Virginia, USA. The oil is steam distilled directly from a cabinet maker’s offcuts. It shares the classic woody notes of atlas cedar, but introduces a distinctive ‘pencil’ facet.

We chose Haitian vetiver over Javan competitors for its fresh, sparkling notes, and because the root provides sustainable employment for south Haitian communities. One year after planting, the roots are excavated, washed, cut, and sun-dried before they can be steam distilled at source.

Scentless when fresh and native to Asia, patchouli is a member of the _Lamiaceae_ or Mint family. Our patchouli is hand-harvested on the Indonesian Island of Java. It’s then dried in the shade and briefly fermented, helping to break down the cell walls before the copper still hydrodistillation.

Benzoin Siam is a balsamic resin taken from the bark of the styrax tree, growing wild in the Annamite mountains of Laos. In September, a v-shaped cut is made in the tree bark, and brittle white ‘tears’ of benzoin resin accumulate over three-weeks. This process is known as ‘tapping’.